substr.c

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/*
 * This file is part of the Fun programming language.
 * https://fun-lang.xyz/
 *
 * Copyright 2025 Johannes Findeisen <you@hanez.org>
 * Licensed under the terms of the Apache-2.0 license.
 * https://opensource.org/license/apache-2-0
 */
 
/**
 * @file substr.c
 * @brief Implements the OP_SUBSTR opcode for extracting substrings in the VM.
 *
 * This file handles the OP_SUBSTR instruction, which extracts a substring from a string
 * using a start index and length. The length, start index, and string are popped from the stack,
 * and the resulting substring is pushed back.
 *
 * Behavior:
 * - Pops the length, start index, and string from the stack.
 * - Extracts the substring from the string.
 * - Pushes the resulting substring onto the stack.
 *
 * Error Handling:
 * - Exits with an error if the operands are not integers or strings.
 * - Exits with an error if the start index or length is out of bounds.
 *
 * Example:
 * - Bytecode: OP_SUBSTR
 * - Stack before: [5, 6, "hello world"]
 * - Stack after: ["world"]
 */
 
case OP_SUBSTR: {
  Value lenv = pop_value(vm);
  Value startv = pop_value(vm);
  Value str = pop_value(vm);
  if (str.type != VAL_STRING || startv.type != VAL_INT || lenv.type != VAL_INT) {
    fprintf(stderr, "Runtime type error: SUBSTR expects (string, int, int)\n");
    exit(1);
  }
  Value out = bi_substr(&str, (int)startv.i, (int)lenv.i);
  free_value(str);
  free_value(startv);
  free_value(lenv);
  push_value(vm, out);
  break;
}